c-family: Fix up -Wduplicated-branches for union members [PR99565]

Honza has fairly recently changed operand_equal_p to compare
DECL_FIELD_OFFSET for COMPONENT_REFs when comparing addresses.
As the first testcase in this patch shows, while that is very nice
for optimizations, for the -Wduplicated-branches warning it causes
regressions.  Pedantically a union in both C and C++ has only one
active member at a time, so using some other union member even if it has the
same type is UB, so I think the warning shouldn't warn when it sees access
to different fields that happen to have the same offset and should consider
them different.
In my first attempt to fix this I've keyed the old behavior on
OEP_LEXICOGRAPHIC, but unfortunately that has various problems, the warning
has a quick non-lexicographic compare in build_conditional_expr* and another
lexicographic more expensive one later during genericization and turning the
first one into lexicographic would mean wasting compile time on large
conditionals.
So, this patch instead introduces a new OEP_ flag and makes sure to pass it
to operand_equal_p in all -Wduplicated-branches cases.

The cvt.c changes are because on the other testcase we were warning with
UNKNOWN_LOCATION, so the user wouldn't really know where the questionable
code is.

2021-03-25  Jakub Jelinek  <jakub@redhat.com>

	PR c++/99565
	* tree-core.h (enum operand_equal_flag): Add OEP_ADDRESS_OF_SAME_FIELD.
	* fold-const.c (operand_compare::operand_equal_p): Don't compare
	field offsets if OEP_ADDRESS_OF_SAME_FIELD.

	* c-warn.c (do_warn_duplicated_branches): Pass also
	OEP_ADDRESS_OF_SAME_FIELD to operand_equal_p.

	* c-typeck.c (build_conditional_expr): Pass OEP_ADDRESS_OF_SAME_FIELD
	to operand_equal_p.

	* call.c (build_conditional_expr_1): Pass OEP_ADDRESS_OF_SAME_FIELD
	to operand_equal_p.
	* cvt.c (convert_to_void): Preserve location_t on COND_EXPR or
	or COMPOUND_EXPR.

	* g++.dg/warn/Wduplicated-branches6.C: New test.
	* g++.dg/warn/Wduplicated-branches7.C: New test.

gcc/c-family/c-warn.c

@@ -2779,7 +2779,8 @@ do_warn_duplicated_branches (tree expr)
 
   /* Compare the hashes.  */
   if (h0 == h1
-      && operand_equal_p (thenb, elseb, OEP_LEXICOGRAPHIC)
+      && operand_equal_p (thenb, elseb, OEP_LEXICOGRAPHIC
+					| OEP_ADDRESS_OF_SAME_FIELD)
       /* Don't warn if any of the branches or their subexpressions comes
 	 from a macro.  */
       && !walk_tree_without_duplicates (&thenb, expr_from_macro_expansion_r,

gcc/c/c-typeck.c

@@ -5544,7 +5544,7 @@ build_conditional_expr (location_t colon_loc, tree ifexp, bool ifexp_bcp,
      warn here, because the COND_EXPR will be turned into OP1.  */
   if (warn_duplicated_branches
       && TREE_CODE (ret) == COND_EXPR
-      && (op1 == op2 || operand_equal_p (op1, op2, 0)))
+      && (op1 == op2 || operand_equal_p (op1, op2, OEP_ADDRESS_OF_SAME_FIELD)))
     warning_at (EXPR_LOCATION (ret), OPT_Wduplicated_branches,
 		"this condition has identical branches");
 

gcc/cp/call.c

@@ -5798,7 +5798,8 @@ build_conditional_expr_1 (const op_location_t &loc,
      warn here, because the COND_EXPR will be turned into ARG2.  */
   if (warn_duplicated_branches
       && (complain & tf_warning)
-      && (arg2 == arg3 || operand_equal_p (arg2, arg3, 0)))
+      && (arg2 == arg3 || operand_equal_p (arg2, arg3,
+					   OEP_ADDRESS_OF_SAME_FIELD)))
     warning_at (EXPR_LOCATION (result), OPT_Wduplicated_branches,
 		"this condition has identical branches");
 

gcc/cp/cvt.c

@@ -1198,8 +1198,8 @@ convert_to_void (tree expr, impl_conv_void implicit, tsubst_flags_t complain)
 	    new_op2 = convert_to_void (op2, ICV_CAST, complain);
 	  }
 
-	expr = build3 (COND_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (new_op2),
-		       TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0), new_op1, new_op2);
+	expr = build3_loc (loc, COND_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (new_op2),
+			   TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0), new_op1, new_op2);
 	break;
       }
 
@@ -1215,8 +1215,8 @@ convert_to_void (tree expr, impl_conv_void implicit, tsubst_flags_t complain)
 
 	if (new_op1 != op1)
 	  {
-	    tree t = build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (new_op1),
-			     TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0), new_op1);
+	    tree t = build2_loc (loc, COMPOUND_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (new_op1),
+				 TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0), new_op1);
 	    expr = t;
 	  }
 

gcc/fold-const.c

@@ -3317,7 +3317,8 @@ operand_compare::operand_equal_p (const_tree arg0, const_tree arg1,
 	    flags &= ~OEP_ADDRESS_OF;
 	    if (!OP_SAME (1))
 	      {
-		if (compare_address)
+		if (compare_address
+		    && (flags & OEP_ADDRESS_OF_SAME_FIELD) == 0)
 		  {
 		    if (TREE_OPERAND (arg0, 2)
 			|| TREE_OPERAND (arg1, 2))

gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/warn/Wduplicated-branches6.C

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// PR c++/99565
+// { dg-do compile }
+// { dg-options "-Wduplicated-branches" }
+
+struct A {
+  union { int a; int b; };
+  int& foo (bool x) { return x ? a : b; }	// { dg-bogus "this condition has identical branches" }
+  void bar (bool x, int y) { if (x) a = y; else b = y; }
+};

gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/warn/Wduplicated-branches7.C

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+// PR c++/99565
+// { dg-do compile }
+// { dg-options "-Wduplicated-branches" }
+
+int a;
+
+void
+foo (bool x)
+{
+  x ? ++a : ++a;	// { dg-warning "this condition has identical branches" }
+}

gcc/tree-core.h

@@ -896,7 +896,10 @@ enum operand_equal_flag {
   OEP_HASH_CHECK = 32,
   /* Makes operand_equal_p handle more expressions:  */
   OEP_LEXICOGRAPHIC = 64,
-  OEP_BITWISE = 128
+  OEP_BITWISE = 128,
+  /* For OEP_ADDRESS_OF of COMPONENT_REFs, only consider same fields as
+     equivalent rather than also different fields with the same offset.  */
+  OEP_ADDRESS_OF_SAME_FIELD = 256
 };
 
 /* Enum and arrays used for tree allocation stats.